Anayas Wisdom: Μαρτίου 2025

100 incredible bee facts © anayaswisdom#bees

Εδώ είναι 100 απίστευτα γεγονότα για τις μέλισσες που καλύπτουν τη βιολογία, τη συμπεριφορά, τη σημασία τους και πολλά άλλα! 🐝🌼

Εδώ είναι 100 απίστευτα γεγονότα για τις μέλισσες που καλύπτουν τη βιολογία, τη συμπεριφορά, τη σημασία τους και πολλά άλλα! 🐝🌼

Γενικά στοιχεία για τις μέλισσες

Οι μέλισσες υπάρχουν εδώ και πάνω από 100 εκατομμύρια χρόνια.

Υπάρχουν πάνω από 20.000 είδη μελισσών παγκοσμίως.

Μόνο οι μέλισσες και οι βομβίνοι είναι κοινωνικοί. Τα περισσότερα είδη μελισσών είναι μοναχικά.

Η μικρότερη μέλισσα είναι η Perdita minima, μήκους μόλις 2 mm.

Η μεγαλύτερη μέλισσα είναι η γιγάντια μέλισσα του Wallace, που φτάνει τις 1,5 ίντσες (38 mm).

Οι μέλισσες βρίσκονται σε κάθε ήπειρο εκτός από την Ανταρκτική.

Μια μόνο μέλισσα μπορεί να μεταφέρει γύρη ίση με το μισό βάρος του σώματός της.

Το σώμα των μελισσών είναι ηλεκτρικά φορτισμένο, βοηθώντας τις να προσελκύουν γύρη.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να αναγνωρίσουν ανθρώπινα πρόσωπα!

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να δουν το υπεριώδες φως, το οποίο τις βοηθά να εντοπίσουν το νέκταρ.

🍯 Στοιχεία για τη μέλισσα

Οι μέλισσες είναι τα μόνα έντομα που παράγουν τροφή που τρώει ο άνθρωπος.

Μια μέλισσα επισκέπτεται 50-100 λουλούδια κατά τη διάρκεια ενός ταξιδιού αναζήτησης τροφής.

Μια εργάτρια μέλισσα παράγει περίπου το 1/12 του κουταλιού του γλυκού μέλι στη διάρκεια της ζωής της.

Για να φτιάξουν ένα κιλό μέλι, οι μέλισσες επισκέπτονται 2 εκατομμύρια λουλούδια.

Μια κυψέλη μπορεί να παράγει 30-100 κιλά μέλι σε μια καλή εποχή.

Το μέλι δεν χαλάει ποτέ — οι αρχαιολόγοι βρήκαν μέλι 3.000 ετών σε αιγυπτιακούς τάφους που ήταν ακόμα βρώσιμο!

Το μέλι είναι αντιβακτηριδιακό, γι' αυτό και χρησιμοποιείται στην ιατρική.

Οι μέλισσες προσθέτουν ένζυμα στο μέλι που το καθιστούν μακροχρόνιο και θρεπτικό.

Το μέλι περιέχει ίχνη υπεροξειδίου του υδρογόνου, καθιστώντας το φυσικό αντιβιοτικό.

Το μέλι μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για τη θεραπεία εγκαυμάτων και πληγών.

👑 Στοιχεία Queen Bee

Μια βασίλισσα μπορεί να γεννήσει έως και 2.500 αυγά την ημέρα.

Η βασίλισσα είναι η μακροβιότερη μέλισσα, ζει έως και 5 χρόνια.

Οι βασίλισσες τρέφονται με βασιλικό πολτό, μια ειδική ουσία που καθορίζει την ανάπτυξή τους.

Εάν μια βασίλισσα πεθάνει ή εξασθενήσει, οι εργάτριες μέλισσες δημιουργούν μια νέα βασίλισσα ταΐζοντας μια προνύμφη βασιλικό πολτό.

Μια βασίλισσα ζευγαρώνει μόνο μία φορά στη ζωή της, αλλά αποθηκεύει σπέρμα για να γεννήσει αυγά για χρόνια.

🐝 Γεγονότα για την εργάτρια μέλισσα

Οι εργάτριες μέλισσες είναι όλες θηλυκές.

Ζουν περίπου 6 εβδομάδες το καλοκαίρι αλλά έως και 6 μήνες το χειμώνα.

Οι εργάτες κάνουν όλες τις δουλειές: καθαρισμό, τροφοδοσία προνυμφών, φύλαξη και αναζήτηση τροφής.

Μια εργάτρια μέλισσα χτυπά τα φτερά της 200 φορές το δευτερόλεπτο, κάνοντας το βουητό.

Οι εργάτριες μέλισσες μπορούν να αλλάξουν ρόλους με βάση τις ανάγκες της κυψέλης.

🐝 Στοιχεία Drone Bee

Οι κηφήνες είναι αρσενικές μέλισσες και η μόνη τους δουλειά είναι να ζευγαρώνουν με μια βασίλισσα.

Τα drones δεν συλλέγουν γύρη, δεν φτιάχνουν μέλι, ούτε έχουν κεντρί.

Μετά το ζευγάρωμα, ένα drone πεθαίνει αμέσως.

Το φθινόπωρο, οι εργάτριες μέλισσες διώχνουν κηφήνες από την κυψέλη γιατί δεν τους χρειάζονται πια.

🐝 Επικονίαση και περιβαλλοντικά δεδομένα

Οι μέλισσες γονιμοποιούν περίπου το 75% των καλλιεργειών στον κόσμο.

Μία στις τρεις μπουκιές τροφής που τρώμε εξαρτάται από τις μέλισσες.

Τα αμύγδαλα εξαρτώνται πλήρως από τις μέλισσες για την επικονίαση.

Τα βατόμουρα και τα κεράσια εξαρτώνται κατά 90% από την επικονίαση των μελισσών.

Οι μέλισσες γονιμοποιούν περισσότερα από 180.000 διαφορετικά είδη φυτών.

Χωρίς τις μέλισσες, πολλά φρούτα, λαχανικά και ξηροί καρποί θα εξαφανίζονταν.

Μερικά λουλούδια, όπως οι ορχιδέες, εξαρτώνται αποκλειστικά από συγκεκριμένες μέλισσες για να αναπαραχθούν.

Οι μέλισσες βοηθούν στη βελτίωση της ποιότητας και του μεγέθους των καλλιεργειών.

Οι μέλισσες αυξάνουν τις αποδόσεις των αγροκτημάτων έως και 30%.

Οι άγριες μέλισσες και οι μέλισσες μαζί δημιουργούν τις καλύτερες ομάδες επικονίασης.

🐝 Συμπεριφορά και επικοινωνία μελισσών

Οι μέλισσες επικοινωνούν χρησιμοποιώντας τον χορό waggle για να δείξουν στους άλλους πού βρίσκεται το φαγητό.

Η κατεύθυνση του χορού waggle δείχνει τη γωνία σε σχέση με τον ήλιο.

Η ταχύτητα και η ένταση του χορού δείχνουν πόσο μακριά και πλούσια είναι η πηγή τροφής.

Οι μέλισσες χρησιμοποιούν επίσης φερομόνες για να σηματοδοτήσουν τον κίνδυνο ή να προσελκύσουν συντρόφους.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να ανιχνεύσουν το μαγνητικό πεδίο της Γης, βοηθώντας τις να πλοηγηθούν.

Μερικές μέλισσες τινάζουν τα λουλούδια για να απελευθερώσουν γύρη, μια συμπεριφορά που ονομάζεται επικονίαση βόμβου.

Οι μέλισσες περιποιούνται η μία την άλλη για να απομακρύνουν τα παράσιτα.

Οι μέλισσες έχουν 5 μάτια—δύο μεγάλα σύνθετα μάτια και τρία μικρά στο κεφάλι τους.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να πετάξουν έως και 15 mph (24 km/h).

Οι μέλισσες επιστρέφουν πάντα στην ίδια θέση φωλιάς ακόμα και μετά από χιλιόμετρα.

🐝 Τσιμπήματα & Άμυνα

Μόνο θηλυκές μέλισσες τσιμπούν. αρσενικά (drones) δεν μπορούν.

Μια μέλισσα πεθαίνει αφού τσιμπήσει άνθρωπο γιατί κολλάει το κεντρί της.

Το δηλητήριο της μέλισσας περιέχει μελιτίνη, η οποία προκαλεί πόνο, αλλά έχει πιθανά ιατρικά οφέλη.

Ο καπνός ηρεμεί τις μέλισσες παρεμποδίζοντας τις φερομόνες συναγερμού τους.

Μερικές μέλισσες δαγκώνουν αντί να τσιμπήσουν για να αμυνθούν.

Οι μέλισσες δολοφόνοι (αφρικανοποιημένες μέλισσες) κυνηγούν τις απειλές για ¼ μίλι.

🐝 Μοναδικά και περίεργα γεγονότα για τις μέλισσες

Μερικές μέλισσες πέφτουν σε χειμερία νάρκη το χειμώνα.

Η μεγαλύτερη κυψέλη στον κόσμο είχε μήκος 12 πόδια και περιείχε πάνω από 50.000 μέλισσες.

Ορισμένες μέλισσες παράγουν κόκκινο, μπλε, ακόμη και πράσινο μέλι ανάλογα με τη διατροφή τους.

Μερικές μέλισσες φωλιάζουν σε κοχύλια, ξύλο ή υπόγειες σήραγγες.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να πετάξουν στη βροχή λόγω των δυνατών φτερών τους.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να επιβιώσουν στο διάστημα - στάλθηκαν σε αποστολές για να δοκιμάσουν τη συμπεριφορά τους.

Οι πρώτες μέλισσες εμφανίστηκαν πριν εξαφανιστούν οι δεινόσαυροι.

Οι αρχαίοι Αιγύπτιοι χρησιμοποιούσαν το μέλι στη μουμιοποίηση.

Απολιθώματα μέλισσας έχουν βρεθεί σε κεχριμπάρι που χρονολογούνται πριν από 100 εκατομμύρια χρόνια.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να εκπαιδευτούν να ανιχνεύουν εκρηκτικά!

🐝 Διατήρηση & Απειλές

Οι πληθυσμοί των μελισσών μειώνονται λόγω της απώλειας οικοτόπων, των φυτοφαρμάκων και της κλιματικής αλλαγής.

Η διαταραχή κατάρρευσης αποικίας (CCD) προκάλεσε την εξαφάνιση εκατομμυρίων κυψελών.

Τα νεονικοτινοειδή φυτοφάρμακα είναι εξαιρετικά τοξικά για τις μέλισσες.

Urban be η εκτροφή αυξάνεται για να βοηθήσει τους πληθυσμούς των μελισσών.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να μεθύσουν με νέκταρ που έχει υποστεί ζύμωση.

🐝 Διασκεδαστικά γεγονότα για τις μέλισσες

Οι μέλισσες αναγνωρίζουν μεμονωμένα ανθρώπινα πρόσωπα.

Μερικές μέλισσες κοιμούνται μέσα σε λουλούδια.

Οι μέλισσες κοιμούνται μέσα στην κυψέλη.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να πετάξουν έως και 6 μίλια την ημέρα.

Ο εγκέφαλος μιας μέλισσας έχει το μέγεθος ενός σουσαμιού, αλλά μπορεί να επεξεργαστεί πολύπλοκες εργασίες.

Οι μέλισσες έχουν αίσθηση του χρόνου και μπορούν να αναγνωρίσουν μοτίβα.

Το μέλι βρέθηκε στον τάφο του βασιλιά Τουτ και ήταν ακόμα βρώσιμο.

Η βασίλισσα γουργουρίζει όταν η κυψέλη πάει καλά.

Οι μέλισσες δημιουργούν κλιματισμό στις κυψέλες τους χτυπώντας τα φτερά τους.

Μερικά λουλούδια αλλάζουν χρώμα μετά την επικονίασή τους από τις μέλισσες.

Οι μέλισσες έχουν αγαπημένα λουλούδια, όπως η λεβάντα και ο ηλίανθος.

Οι μέλισσες μπορούν να ανιχνεύσουν ηλεκτρικά πεδία από λουλούδια.

Ορισμένες μέλισσες κλέβουν νέκταρ χωρίς επικονίαση.

Οι αρχαίοι Έλληνες πίστευαν ότι οι μέλισσες ήταν δώρο από τους θεούς.

Οι μέλισσες εμπνέουν τη ρομποτική και την έρευνα AI.

Η μελισσοκομία υπάρχει εδώ και τουλάχιστον 9.000 χρόνια.

Το κερί μέλισσας χρησιμοποιείται σε κεριά, καλλυντικά και ιατρική.

Το μέλι μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί ως καύσιμο σε καταστάσεις έκτακτης ανάγκης.

Οι μέλισσες είναι πιο παραγωγικές όταν ακούν μουσική.

Οι μελισσοκόμοι φορούν λευκά κοστούμια γιατί τα σκούρα χρώματα προσελκύουν τις μέλισσες.

Ο όρος «απασχολημένος σαν μέλισσα» είναι επιστημονικά ακριβής!

Ορισμένες μέλισσες ειδικεύονται στην επικονίαση λουλουδιών κάκτων.

Η «γένια μέλισσας» είναι μια μελισσοκομική παράδοση όπου οι μέλισσες καλύπτουν το πρόσωπο ενός ατόμου.

Ο ήχος του βόμβου μπορεί να βοηθήσει τους ανθρώπους να χαλαρώσουν.

Οι μέλισσες είναι ένα από τα πιο σημαντικά πλάσματα στη Γη!

Here are 100 incredible bee facts covering their biology, behavior, importance, and more! 🐝🌼

Here are 100 incredible bee facts covering their biology, behavior, importance, and more! 🐝🌼

🐝 General Bee Facts

Bees have been around for over 100 million years.
There are over 20,000 species of bees worldwide.
Only honeybees and bumblebees are social; most bee species are solitary.
The smallest bee is the Perdita minima, just 2 mm long.
The largest bee is the Wallace’s giant bee, reaching 1.5 inches (38 mm).
Bees are found on every continent except Antarctica.
A single honeybee can carry pollen equal to half its body weight.
Bees’ bodies are electrically charged, helping them attract pollen.
Bees can recognize human faces!
Bees can see ultraviolet light, which helps them locate nectar.

🍯 Honeybee Facts

Honeybees are the only insects that produce food humans eat.
A honeybee visits 50–100 flowers during a single foraging trip.
A worker honeybee makes about 1/12 of a teaspoon of honey in her lifetime.
To make one pound of honey, bees visit 2 million flowers.
A hive can produce 30–100 pounds of honey in a good season.
Honey never spoils—archaeologists found 3,000-year-old honey in Egyptian tombs that was still edible!
Honey is antibacterial, which is why it's used in medicine.
Bees add enzymes to honey that make it long-lasting and nutritious.
Honey contains trace amounts of hydrogen peroxide, making it a natural antibiotic.
Honey can be used to treat burns and wounds.

👑 Queen Bee Facts

A queen bee can lay up to 2,500 eggs per day.
The queen bee is the longest-living bee, living up to 5 years.
Queen bees are fed royal jelly, a special substance that determines their development.
If a queen dies or weakens, worker bees create a new queen by feeding a larva royal jelly.
A queen bee only mates once in her life but stores sperm to lay eggs for years.

🐝 Worker Bee Facts

Worker bees are all female.
They live for about 6 weeks in summer but up to 6 months in winter.
Workers do all the jobs: cleaning, feeding larvae, guarding, and foraging.
A worker bee beats its wings 200 times per second, making the buzzing sound.
Worker bees can change roles based on the hive's needs.

🐝 Drone Bee Facts

Drones are male bees, and their only job is to mate with a queen.
Drones do not collect pollen, make honey, or have a stinger.
After mating, a drone dies immediately.
In the fall, worker bees kick drones out of the hive because they no longer need them.

🐝 Pollination & Environmental Facts

Bees pollinate about 75% of the world’s crops.
One out of every three bites of food we eat depends on bees.
Almonds completely depend on bees for pollination.
Blueberries and cherries are 90% dependent on bee pollination.
Bees pollinate more than 180,000 different plant species.
Without bees, many fruits, vegetables, and nuts would disappear.
Some flowers, like orchids, depend entirely on specific bees to reproduce.
Bees help improve the quality and size of crops.
Bees increase farm yields by up to 30%.
Wild bees and honeybees together make the best pollination teams.

🐝 Bee Behavior & Communication

Bees communicate using the waggle dance to show others where food is.
The waggle dance direction indicates the angle relative to the sun.
The speed and intensity of the dance tell how far and rich the food source is.
Bees also use pheromones to signal danger or attract mates.
Bees can detect the Earth's magnetic field, helping them navigate.
Some bees shake flowers to release pollen, a behavior called buzz pollination.
Bees groom each other to remove pests.
Bees have 5 eyes—two large compound eyes and three small ones on their heads.
Bees can fly up to 15 mph (24 km/h).
Bees always return to the same nest location even after traveling miles.

🐝 Stings & Defense

Only female bees sting; males (drones) cannot.
A honeybee dies after stinging a human because its stinger gets stuck.
Bee venom contains melittin, which causes pain but has potential medical benefits.
Smoke calms bees by interfering with their alarm pheromones.
Some bees bite instead of stinging to defend themselves.
Killer bees (Africanized honeybees) chase threats for ¼ mile.

🐝 Unique & Weird Bee Facts

Some bees hibernate in winter.
The world's biggest beehive was 12 feet long and contained over 50,000 bees.
Certain bees make red, blue, and even green honey depending on their diet.
Some bees nest in shells, wood, or underground tunnels.
Bumblebees can fly in the rain due to their strong wings.
Honeybees can survive in space—they were sent on missions to test their behavior.
The first bees appeared before dinosaurs went extinct.
Ancient Egyptians used honey in mummification.
Bee fossils have been found in amber dating back 100 million years.
Bees can be trained to detect explosives!

🐝 Conservation & Threats

Bee populations are declining due to habitat loss, pesticides, and climate change.
Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) caused millions of hives to disappear.
Neonicotinoid pesticides are highly toxic to bees.
Urban beekeeping is growing to help bee populations.
Bees can get drunk on fermented nectar.

🐝 Fun Bee Facts

Bees recognize individual human faces.
Some bees sleep inside flowers.
Bees take naps inside the hive.
Bees can fly up to 6 miles in a day.
A honeybee's brain is the size of a sesame seed but can process complex tasks.
Bees have a sense of time and can recognize patterns.
Honey was found in King Tut’s tomb and was still edible.
The queen purrs when the hive is doing well.
Bees create air-conditioning in their hives by flapping their wings.
Some flowers change color after being pollinated by bees.
Bees have favorite flowers, like lavender and sunflowers.
Bees can detect electric fields from flowers.
Certain bees steal nectar without pollinating.
Ancient Greeks thought bees were a gift from the gods.
Bees inspire robotics and AI research.
Beekeeping has been around for at least 9,000 years.
Beeswax is used in candles, cosmetics, and medicine.
Honey can be used as fuel in emergency situations.
Bees are more productive when listening to music.
Beekeepers wear white suits because dark colors attract bees.
The term "busy as a bee" is scientifically accurate!
Some bees specialize in pollinating cactus flowers.
The "bee beard" is a beekeeping tradition where bees cover a person's face.
The sound of buzzing can help humans relax.
Bees are one of the most important creatures on Earth!

Lesson for success, I wish knew this when I was building my first start...

100 Witchy tips

Εδώ είναι **100 witchy tips** για να ενισχύσεις την πρακτική σου στη μαγεία:

### ✨ **Μαγικά Βασικά**
1. **Καθάρισε την ενέργειά σου** με φασκόμηλο, λιβάνι ή αλατόνερο.
2. **Διατήρησε ημερολόγιο μαγείας (Grimoire ή Book of Shadows)** για να σημειώνεις ξόρκια και εμπειρίες.
3. **Συγχρονίσου με τη Σελήνη** και τις φάσεις της για πιο δυνατά αποτελέσματα.
4. **Χρησιμοποίησε βότανα** σε ξόρκια, λουτρά και φίλτρα.
5. **Μάθε τα βασικά της κρυσταλλοθεραπείας** και πώς να χρησιμοποιείς κρυστάλλους για προστασία και ενέργεια.
6. **Εκτέλεσε τελετουργίες γείωσης και προστασίας** πριν και μετά τη μαγεία.
7. **Δημιούργησε έναν βωμό** που να αντανακλά τις προθέσεις και τις πεποιθήσεις σου.
8. **Χρησιμοποίησε συμβολισμό** όπως ρούνους, ταρώ ή sigils για να ενισχύσεις τα ξόρκια σου.
9. **Δημιούργησε και φόρτισε ένα φυλαχτό ή γούρι** για προστασία.
10. **Μάθε τις αντιστοιχίες** (χρώματα, ημέρες, στοιχεία, πλανήτες) για πιο δυνατή μαγεία.

### 🔮 **Ξόρκια και Τελετουργίες**
11. **Φτιάξε ένα απλό ξόρκι ευημερίας** με κανέλα και πράσινο κερί.
12. **Γράψε την επιθυμία σου σε ένα φύλλο δάφνης και κάψ’ το** για να εκδηλωθεί.
13. **Πρόσθεσε δεντρολίβανο στο νερό του μπάνιου σου** για καθαρισμό και ανανέωση.
14. **Τοποθέτησε ένα ποτήρι νερό δίπλα στο κρεβάτι σου** για να απορροφήσει αρνητική ενέργεια.
15. **Φτιάξε ένα μπουκαλάκι μαγικής προστασίας** με αλάτι, βότανα και κρυστάλλους.
16. **Κράτησε ένα κομμάτι μαύρου τουρμαλίνη στην τσάντα σου** για προστασία.
17. **Χρησιμοποίησε ροζ χαλαζία** για να ενισχύσεις την αγάπη στη ζωή σου.
18. **Φτιάξε ένα herbal sachet** με λεβάντα κάτω από το μαξιλάρι για καλύτερο ύπνο.
19. **Δημιούργησε ένα ξόρκι τύχης** τρίβοντας κανέλα στα χέρια σου πριν από σημαντικά γεγονότα.
20. **Φόρτισε το ποτό σου με προθέσεις** ανακατεύοντάς το δεξιόστροφα για προσέλκυση και αριστερόστροφα για απομάκρυνση.

### 🌿 **Μάγια της Φύσης**
21. **Πέρασε χρόνο στη φύση** για να συνδεθείς με τα στοιχεία.
22. **Μάζεψε νερό βροχής** για μαγικές χρήσεις.
23. **Φτιάξε φεγγαρόνερο** αφήνοντας ένα ποτήρι νερό έξω σε πανσέληνο.
24. **Δημιούργησε έναν μικρό κήπο με βότανα** για τις μαγικές και θεραπευτικές σου ανάγκες.
25. **Μίλα στα φυτά σου** και φόρτισέ τα με θετική ενέργεια.
26. **Φτιάξε ένα ραβδί από ένα φυσικό κλαδί** που θα βρεις στη φύση.
27. **Χρησιμοποίησε κουκουνάρια και φύλλα** για μαγική διακόσμηση και ξόρκια.
28. **Διαλογίσου δίπλα σε μια πηγή νερού** για χαλάρωση και έμπνευση.
29. **Περπάτησε ξυπόλητος στη γη** για γείωση.
30. **Φτιάξε ένα στεφάνι από αγριολούλουδα** για προστασία και δύναμη.

### 🕯️ **Κεριά και Φωτιά**
31. **Άναψε ένα κερί για να στείλεις μια επιθυμία στο σύμπαν.**
32. **Χρησιμοποίησε το χρώμα των κεριών** για να ενισχύσεις τα ξόρκια σου (π.χ., κόκκινο για πάθος, μπλε για ηρεμία).
33. **Κάψε χαρτί με μια αρνητική σκέψη** για να την αποδεσμεύσεις.
34. **Σχεδίασε ένα sigil στο κερί πριν το κάψεις** για ενίσχυση της πρόθεσης.
35. **Πρόσεχε τη φλόγα του κεριού** – μπορεί να δώσει σημάδια για το ξόρκι.
36. **Μη φυσάς τα κεριά σου** – καλύτερα να τα σβήνεις με τα δάχτυλα ή ένα κουτάλι.
37. **Χρησιμοποίησε αιθέρια έλαια στα κεριά σου** για να ενισχύσεις την πρόθεσή τους.
38. **Δημιούργησε ένα ξόρκι φωτιάς** γράφοντας την πρόθεσή σου και καίγοντάς την στο κερί.
39. **Πάντα να έχεις φωτιά σε τελετουργίες προστασίας** για να απομακρύνεις το κακό.
40. **Άναψε κεριά στην πανσέληνο** για να φορτίσεις την ενέργειά σου.

### 🌙 **Δουλεύοντας με τη Σελήνη**
41. **Νέα Σελήνη για νέα ξεκινήματα.**
42. **Γέμιση της Σελήνης για αύξηση και ανάπτυξη.**
43. **Πανσέληνος για μέγιστη δύναμη.**
44. **Φθίνουσα Σελήνη για απελευθέρωση και απομάκρυνση.**
45. **Γράψε τις επιθυμίες σου στη Νέα Σελήνη και διάβασέ τις στην Πανσέληνο.**
46. **Μάθε το σεληνιακό σου ζώδιο για προσωπική ενδοσκόπηση.**
47. **Δούλεψε με τη Σελήνη στον Σκορπιό για έντονη μαγεία.**
48. **Η Σελήνη στους Διδύμους ενισχύει την επικοινωνία.**
49. **Χρησιμοποίησε νερό πανσελήνου σε ξόρκια αγάπης.**
50. **Διαλογίσου κάτω από το φως της Σελήνης για έμπνευση.**

### ✨ **Προστασία και Ενεργειακή Άμυνα**
51. **Δημιούργησε έναν ενεργειακό κύκλο προστασίας** πριν από κάθε μαγική εργασία.
52. **Φόρεσε μάτι ή άλλα φυλαχτά για αποτροπή κακής ενέργειας.**
53. **Τοποθέτησε αλάτι στις πόρτες και τα παράθυρα για προστασία.**
54. **Χρησιμοποίησε το φως ενός λευκού κεριού** για να καθαρίσεις το σπίτι σου.
55. **Τοποθέτησε έναν καθρέφτη στραμμένο προς την είσοδο** για να αντανακλά την αρνητική ενέργεια.
56. **Κράτησε ένα κομμάτι αιματίτη ή μαύρο οψιδιανό στην τσέπη σου** για προστασία.
57. **Σχεδίασε ένα προστατευτικό sigil πάνω από την πόρτα σου.**
58. **Φτιάξε ένα προστατευτικό spray** με νερό, αλάτι και αιθέρια έλαια όπως λεβάντα ή δεντρολίβανο.
59. **Διατήρησε ένα μπολ με ξηρούς καρπούς ή ρύζι στο σπίτι σου** για καλή τύχη.
60. **Κάψε φύλλα δάφνης ή δεντρολίβανο** για καθαρισμό του χώρου.

### 🌟 **Μαντεία και Διόραση**
61. **Χρησιμοποίησε κάρτες ταρώ για καθοδήγηση.**
62. **Διαλογίσου πριν από μια μαντική εργασία** για καλύτερη διαύγεια.
63. **Προγραμμάτισε τα όνειρά σου** γράφοντας μια ερώτηση πριν κοιμηθείς.
64. **Διατήρησε ένα ημερολόγιο ονείρων** για να καταγράφεις τα μηνύματα που λαμβάνεις.
65. **Χρησιμοποίησε κρύσταλλα όπως αμέθυστο** για να ενισχύσεις τη διαίσθησή σου.
66. **Δοκίμασε σφαιρομαντεία (crystal ball gazing) για οράματα.**
67. **Κοίταξε τη φλόγα ενός κεριού για να λάβεις μηνύματα.**
68. **Δημιούργησε ένα εκκρεμές για ναι/όχι ερωτήσεις.**
69. **Άκου τη διαίσθησή σου – είναι το πιο δυνατό εργαλείο σου.**
70. **Δούλεψε με τις φάσεις της Σελήνης** για να ενισχύσεις τη μαντική σου δύναμη.

### 🏡 **Μάγια για το Σπίτι και την Καθημερινότητα**
71. **Κρέμασε ένα ματσάκι λεβάντα ή δεντρολίβανο** για θετική ενέργεια.
72. **Φτιάξε ένα σκουπόξυλο προστασίας και καθαρισμού.**
73. **Σφουγγάρισε με νερό και αλάτι** για να καθαρίσεις την αρνητική ενέργεια.
74. **Βάλε χαλαζία σε κάθε δωμάτιο** για ειρήνη και προστασία.
75. **Κάψε φλούδες πορτοκαλιού για να φέρεις χαρά στο σπίτι.**
76. **Χρησιμοποίησε κανέλα στην πόρτα σου** για προσέλκυση αφθονίας.
77. **Ανακάτεψε μέλι στο τσάι σου δεξιόστροφα** για να φέρεις αγάπη και γλυκύτητα.
78. **Τοποθέτησε νερό και λεμόνι στην είσοδο** για να απορροφήσει την αρνητική ενέργεια.
79. **Διατήρησε ένα βάζο ευημερίας** με ρύζι, κανέλα και δάφνη στην κουζίνα.
80. **Βάλε ένα ποτήρι ξύδι σε ένα δωμάτιο** για να καθαρίσει την αρνητική ενέργεια.

### 💕 **Αγάπη και Προσωπική Ενδυνάμωση**
81. **Χρησιμοποίησε ροζ χαλαζία** για αυτοαγάπη και ρομαντισμό.
82. **Γράψε ένα γράμμα αγάπης στον εαυτό σου και κράτα το στην πανσέληνο.**
83. **Φόρα ρούχα σε χρώμα που ταιριάζει με την ενέργεια που θες να εκπέμψεις.**
84. **Φτιάξε ένα λάδι γοητείας** με αιθέρια έλαια όπως γιασεμί ή τριαντάφυλλο.
85. **Διαλογίσου με θετικές δηλώσεις για να αυξήσεις την αυτοπεποίθησή σου.**
86. **Βάλε μια σταγόνα αιθέριου ελαίου λεβάντας στους καρπούς σου για ηρεμία.**
87. **Πρόσθεσε πέταλα τριαντάφυλλου στο μπάνιο σου για αγάπη και χαλάρωση.**
88. **Άναψε ένα ροζ κερί και γράψε μια λίστα με όσα αγαπάς στον εαυτό σου.**
89. **Δημιούργησε ένα ξόρκι αυτοπεποίθησης** κρατώντας ένα ηλιόλιθο (sunstone).
90. **Φτιάξε ένα "βάζο αγάπης"** με κόκκινα ή ροζ λουλούδια και κανέλα.

### 🔥 **Διαχείριση Ενέργειας και Αυτοβελτίωση**
91. **Μάθε να προστατεύεις την ενέργειά σου από τους "ενεργειακούς βρικόλακες".**
92. **Μην μοιράζεσαι όλα τα ξόρκια και τις προθέσεις σου – κράτα τα μυστικά.**
93. **Φόρτισε ένα ποτήρι νερό με προθέσεις και πιες το για να τις ενσωματώσεις.**
94. **Αποσυνδέσου από την αρνητικότητα και δούλεψε πάνω στην αυτοαγάπη.**
95. **Κάνε ένα λουτρό καθαρισμού με αλάτι και αιθέρια έλαια μετά από δύσκολες ημέρες.**
96. **Μάθε να ακούς το σώμα και την ενέργειά σου** – αν νιώθεις αρνητικά, καθαρίσου.
97. **Κάνε μια βόλτα στη φύση** για να επαναφορτίσεις την ενέργειά σου.
98. **Δημιούργησε μια προσωπική πρακτική που να ταιριάζει με τη ζωή σου.**
99. **Να θυμάσαι πως η δύναμη βρίσκεται μέσα σου – εσύ τη δημιουργείς.**
100. **Απόλαυσε τη διαδρομή σου στη μαγεία και μην φοβάσαι να πειραματιστείς!**

🔮 **Η μαγεία είναι προσωπική και ζωντανή – προσαρμόσου, εξερεύνησε και βρες τι λειτουργεί για σένα!** ✨

General Makrygiannis Memoirs, part 2

So, after a month or two of learning these letters that you see, I imagined writing my life, what I did in my youth and what I did in society when I came of age, and what I did for my homeland, where I entered the mystery of the Society for the struggle for our freedom and what I saw and know where they happened in the Struggle, and in what I participated to the best of my ability and did my duty, that which I could. I should not have entered into this work an illiterate, burdening honest readers and great men and wise men of society and putting them at a burden, arousing their curiosity and causing them to lose the precious values in them. But since I, as a human being, have also received this weakness, I ask your forgiveness for the burden that I will give you. If I am an honest man, I want to write the truth, as the writings took place, which I will note. All readers have a duty to first investigate through my conduct, how I behaved in the community and the Struggle, and if I behaved honorably, base it on my writings, if I behaved dishonorably, do not believe anything. And after you learn that I behaved honorably and see noted documents and proofs, beginning and end, from various, from governments and from authorities and from many others, from where I have served with my fellow competitors, where God has made me worthy to have in my direction, my best in the struggle and in services, from where I was ordered. With eighteen men I first set out in the struggle, until God deserved me to have under my direction a thousand and four hundred. The records of my homeland were never defiled, neither in the government, nor in the provinces, nor in individuals, where we fought in Roumeli, Peloponnese and the islands and Sparta, it is nowhere the slightest accusation for us. You will see from the gums the places marked here and there, and everywhere in the state and in the archives of the government these appear. And with as many men as God deserved me and I commanded, various disorders and seizures plagued the homeland, beginning and end, glorified be the all-good name of God, he did not allow us to be defiled. And these graces must be owed by the fatherland to the honorable and good and brave patriots, my fellow fighters, where I had my direction in the struggle, where we also contributed according to our strength to the needs of the fatherland. It is the virtue and patriotism that they showed, of these good patriots, not me. That I did not have this virtue, nor do I have it yet, as in the wars, and now in the service they are my best. They are also now in the service, under my direction, the brave and good officers of Missolonghi with their good and brave leader Mitro Deligiorgis, the garrison commander in the struggle of Missolonghi. There are many brave and honorable islanders and Peloponnesians, good fighters are Roumeliotes. They are the good and patriotic householders and officers of Athens, where we fight in the castle of Athens and elsewhere in the battles of the fatherland. And the virtue of all these good patriots - the goodness of God first - saved us from whatever harms the fatherland. Your lordship, good readers, I call upon you, although you want to know the truth, to investigate all this where you will see, whether it is true or false. I call upon you one thing, all honorable readers, you have no right to make any judgment either for or against, if you do not read it all - and then you are householders to make whatever judgment you want, either for or against. When you have read it all, beginning and end, then make a judgment for those who brought misfortunes to the homeland and civil wars for their individual interests and selfishness and from them the unhappy homeland and the honest fighters suffered and are suffering to this day. I will state the truth nakedly and without passion. But the truth is bitter and those of us who do evil are looked down upon, that we both want evil and self-interest to do it and we want to be called good patriots. And this cannot be done, nor will I hide it and let it remain hidden, that the homeland was damaged, devalued and all this amounts to a curse upon us all. And the causes of evil will be told, and stories and newspapers tell them every day. And they do not mean mine and they should be written by the advanced and not by simple illiterate people and should be licked by the younger and later generations to have more virtue and patriotism. The homeland of each person and religion is everything and he must sacrifice both patriotism and live he and his relatives as honest people in society. And then they are called nations, when they are adorned with patriotic sentiments on the contrary they are called the old scum of the nations and the burden of the earth. And for this reason as the general homeland of each and the work of the struggles of the smallest and weakest citizen, he also has his interests in that homeland, in that religion. Man should not be burdened and neglect these and the advanced The wise man must shout the truth as if he were a hero, the simple man as well. That the earth has no wheels for anyone to carry on his back, neither the strong nor the weak, and when everyone is weak in something and alone cannot carry the burden and takes on others and helps, then let him not imagine that the one who is responsible should say I or we. That we all carried our backs, not one. "Our lords, our leaders became "Most Brilliant", they became "Most Brave" and the locals and the brave, but nothing is resting on them. We were poor, we became rich. Kiamilbegis was here in the Peloponnese and the other Turks were very rich, Kolokotronis and the other relatives and friends became rich from lands, factories, mills, houses, raisins and other riches of the Turks. When Kolokotronis and his companions came from Zakynthos, they did not have even a plot of land, now it seems what they have. The same in Roumeli, Gouras and Mamouris, Kritzotis, Grivaigoi, Staikos and the others, Tzavelaigoi and many others. And what do they ask from the nation? Millions more for the great works. And in these they never develop all laws and factions for the good of the homeland, they are all busy. What the homeland suffered for the laws and the good of these people and how many young men were killed, the homeland did not suffer in the struggle of the Turks. We inhabited the inhabitants in caves and they live with wild animals and we devastated the places and became the paralysis of the world. All this gave me reason to learn letters in my old age, to note everything. I was one of them. Let someone else write for me what he knows. I will tell the truth naked. That I have my share of this homeland, I and my children will live. When I was young and I grew old from these sufferings of the homeland, I received five wounds on my body in various struggles of the homeland and I was restored half a man and most of the time I am naked in clothes. I praise God who did not take my life and I also thank my homeland who honored me by grading me according to rank, according to the circumstances, to the rank of general and I live as a man with what God blessed without my conscience troubling me, without depriving anyone or a single inch of land. My homeland of birth is from Lidoriki, a village of Lidoriki called Avoriti, three hours away from Lidoriki is the other village, five huts. My parents were very poor and this poverty came from the plundering of the local Turks and the Arvanites of Alipassa. My parents were polyphagous and poor and when I was still in my mother's womb, one day he went to the log for wood. Loading the wood for her cart, loaded on the road, in the wilderness, she was seized by pains and gave birth to me alone, the burnt and separated one, she then gave birth to me too. She got up alone and alone, loaded herself with some wood and put grass on top of the wood and on top of me and went to the village. In a short time, three murders took place in our house and my father also perished. The Turks of Alipassa wanted to enslave us. Then during the night, the whole family and our entire lineage got up and left and were freezing in Livadia to live there. They would cross a bridge of Lidoriki called Stenos, the river did not cross from any other place. There the Turks were watching to catch them, and for eighteen days they all hid in the forests and ate wild elms and I was suckling and ate this milk. No longer suffering hunger, they decided to pass through the bridge, and as a small infant, so that I would not cry and everyone would perish, they decided and threw me into the forest, to the one called Kokkinos, and they proceeded through the bridge. Then my mother moved and said to them, "The sin of the infant will destroy us," she said to them, "You pass and drag it to such and such a place and stand... I will take it and if I am lucky and it does not cry, we will pass through"... my mother and God saved us. My mother and the other relatives said all this. The whole family and relatives got up and went to Livadia and the philanthropic rulers there protected us for a while, as long as we were caught and we built houses and properties there. I was about seven years old. They put me to work in one year for a hundred paradas, the next year for five groscias. After I did a lot of work, they wanted me to do other humble household chores and take care of the children. Then that was my death. I did not want to do this work and both the masters and the relatives beat me. I got up and took other children and we went to Thebes. Bad luck and there the relatives came and caught us and brought me back to Livadia and to the same master. And I continued in the same service for a while. Then, in order to escape this service, because my pride would not leave me alone day or night, I began to beat, pierce the heads of the children and my own mother, and then I left. in the backs. And with this they got tired and freed me, because this service was leading me to ruin. I was about fourteen years old and I went to a countryman of mine in Desfina. He was his brother with Alipasia and he was a zapitis in Desfina. I stayed with him for a day. It was a festival and feast of Agias. We went to the feast and he gave me his rifle to carry. I wanted to throw it, I fired. Then he caught me in front of everyone and beat me to death. The beating did not hurt me so much, but the shame of the world did. Then everyone was eating and drinking and I was crying. I found no other judge to tell this complaint to justify me, I deemed it reasonable to resort to Aigiannis, because in his house alone this damage and dishonor was done. I enter his church at night and close the door and begin to cry with loud voices and repentance, "Is this what has happened to me, I am a donkey being beaten?" And I call upon him to give me good chariots and silver and fifteen bags of money and I will light a large silver lamp for him. With many voices we made the agreements with the saint. In a short time, my master's brother writes from Ioannina that he wants a child to make him a hosmet. They sent me, in 1811. He was married to Alipassas in Arta. He had been living in Arta for some time, Alipassas sought him out to come, because he loved him and had him in his secret letters. He was an honest man, his name was Thanasis Lidoriki. Then he asked me to let him stay in his house, I did not want to stay. He told me "You will stay with the stable too". I could not avoid this, because he had the power. I stayed with agreements that I, as a slave, would not stay. I do the service of your house, but I will also get to know the residents, to borrow money, to do trade, because I am naked, to get dressed. (He was a miser, he did not give me anything). First this agreement, I told him, and second the shopping for your house - that your wife should handle the money and the bill, she knows how to read, and let me shop for her, to weigh when I bring the shopping and everything she does to pay. The same with the other shopping, do not tell me that I stole from you, that now you see me naked and tomorrow dressed and you will say that I am a thief. " I was sitting with those agreements that I told him and we made ten years with him. He also gave me four hundred groschen as wages. I asked him for a loan and he gave it to me with interest of ten or twelve per year. I wrote him a note and I have it to this day. He also made me this tziraklik. There was a square in front of his house and the lords and merchants would gather there and sit until midnight in the summer. Then I would go in and they would clean that place, I would give them whatever they needed, I would treat them well. I met all of them and the village leaders. I asked these leaders and merchants for a loan and they lent me fifty-six thousand groschen. Up until then I had twenty-four groschen in capital, I lent them to the villagers and I harvested oats in the winter, to take to the threshing floor. I harvested it for four groschen a bushel, I gathered it to the threshing floor (and there was a shortage) and I sold it for sixteen. I get all this money. The following year, in the winter, I caught corn for eleven groszy, gathered it in the threshing floors, and sold it in Arta for thirty-three. There was a plague in Arta and there was a shortage of bread. Then I bought a silver rifle, pistols and chariots, and a good lamp. And well armed and dressed, I took it and went to my protector and benefactor and true friend, Aigiannis, and it is preserved to this day - I also have my name written on the lamp. And I worshipped him with tears from within my bowels, because I remembered all the sufferings I had experienced... Then I began trading and the inhabitants, Romans and Turks, had me as a treasurer and I recited God's words and I built a house there, real estate, and I had both cash and bonds in abundance and I have them to this day of about forty thousand groschen. And my chimer was plentiful. I obtained everything I wanted and had no need of anyone else. I lived in Arta for ten years, I made many friends. There I had a friend and a sack-bearer who later became a steward. I had him as a close friend, because my company was with my best friends. This steward had me better than his children, and I did not leave his house day or night. That was a wall with my countryman's house and nearby was the one where I bought mine from an unfortunate lord. A very accomplished steward, there was no one else like him in Arta and he had four children from Sernik. One of them was in Europe where he was studying, and he was a friend and beloved of Kapodistrias. The child saved his expenses and asked Kapodistrias to go and study medicine. Kapodistrias told him that we are doing something to liberate Greece, and if this is finished, you will not need medicine and if you stay, I will send you from Russia You go and study. And if that happens, I will write to you and we will make peace. The child came to Arta, told his father about this and fled back to Corfu. Some time passed, Kapodistrias writes to him, and he went and they met and he indoctrinated him for the sake of the homeland. And because Alipassas was very powerful and bought Parga and caused other disturbances, they piled up crimes against him to prevent him from fighting the Sultan. They did many of these things to him and the discord between the Sultan and him grew. The child came to Arta indoctrinated, swears at his father and runs away. His father wants to put me in the secret too. He starts to swear at me and then he changes his mind and he did this to me many times. Then I too became stubborn in front of him and said to him, “Have you ever suspected that I am dishonorable in your house and are you ashamed to tell me? And indeed I am dishonorable if I set foot on your doorstep!” And I got up and left. The priest shouted, I did not turn back. Two or three days passed, he came, he came again, I did not hesitate. After he came many times, with tears in my eyes I responded, “Why should I give you a bad idea, your child? He also cried and invited me to go with him and then not to set foot on it, as I felt like it. I went. He took down all the icons and made me swear and began to put me in the sacrament. After he had gone ahead, I swore to him that I would not testify to anyone, but that he would give me eight days to consider whether I was worthy of this mystery and whether I could benefit, receive it, or sit there as if I did not know it at all. I went and thought about it and put everything forward, and I would suffer death and danger and struggle - I will suffer it for the freedom of my country and my religion. I went and told him, "I am worthy." I kissed his hand, I swore. I begged him not to testify to me about the signs of catechism, that I was young and that I should not endure and regret my life and betray the mystery and danger to my country. We agreed on this too and he told me that from where I work, money... and I cannot do abuses, but to take from a proof, these riches to make. And the grace of the blessed priest and of my homeland and my religion, to this day God has not let me be ashamed. I have suffered pains, wounds and dangers, but I am well as God wills. I told him "Everything will go well, but Alipassas is very strong and he will endanger us, because the captains are with him". He told me the reasons, and in a short time God willed it and they locked him up everywhere, in 1820. I entered the secret and left my countryman and went to my house and worked for my country and my religion to serve it honestly, as I worked for it, so that it would not call me a thief and a robber, but that I would be called its child and I my mother. The Sultan appointed Khursit-Pasha as commander-in-chief with many Pashas to besiege Alipasia and they infested Ioannina and Arta with Turks and Arvanites and robbers and paralytics, they took many Roman women as slaves, they also took a slave girl of my countryman and they wanted to take his wife too. She was beautiful and was going to be taken by a pasha who was in Arta, he was called Hasanpasha, a bad man, he and one, he was called Babapasha, they destroyed the honor and wealth of the people. This Babapasha caught my countryman and me and imprisoned us and tried to ruin us, and with many tricks that my countryman and I did we were saved. And after we were saved, I told him to leave and go to our homeland, to Lidoriki, to save ourselves. He did not listen to me, he listened to the women and he suffered a lot. And because of that I left him. Then Hasanpasha also threatened him and secretly left and left his family in Arta and he was going to take her as his wife. And she was pregnant, ready to give birth, and he left her as soon as she gave birth, so he could take her. Since there were many Turks in Arta and Preveza and Souli and other parts of Epirus where Alipassas was holding them, as well as in Ioannina, there were large forces of the Sultan everywhere and they imposed a siege and were also gathering the chariots of the Romans and to block the coat of gunpowder, lead, and the sturgeons of Arta. And this coat was owned by a good man, a close friend of mine, we did trade together, his name was Giorgakis Korakis, a relative of the good and good patriots Zosimadas. Since I knew him to be an honest man, I asked the Steward and the late Gogos Bakolas and Scarmitzos, that they also entered into the mystery (brave men and good patriots) and after I asked them, they did not want to put Korakis into the mystery, because they were afraid that he would betray them. And we had absolutely no ammunition in those parts, and the whole place was occupied, and we would have made a revolution without ammunition and most of the rifles were tied with ropes. Then I decided alone, without asking the others, and I swear by the coat-bearer, the good patriot, and we emptied the whole coat and took the gunpowder, lead and sturgeons. And I had two hiding places in my house and he in his house and we carried them there and left a little inside the coat. And divine grace, glory be to Him, distracted the Turks and they did not see where we were carrying them. And the unforgotten Korakis - who later disappeared - and I put money in and we bought chariots in a way and hid them where we had the gunpowder and in the ceilings of our houses and we armed the Eftanisians and others and we gave them ammunition and... to the captains, so when there was a need we gave them to the captains themselves. After Hursit-Pashas left the Peloponnese, where he was there, and the commander for Alipassus, and took all the troops with him, and in the Peloponnese there were very few people left, the local Turks began to suspect from the Peloponnese that the Peloponneseans had started and were commanding for the revolution. They were also suspicious of Roumeli. We said, it is nothing, but the plague in Roumeli became fierce from so many Turks, that the whole place became infected because of Alipassus and the place was devastated by the hard labor and the nakedness of the people. And with this we put them to sleep. But the entire region of Roumeli was completely destroyed, especially Ioannina and Arta, and all those places were completely devastated. The local Turks of the Peloponnese wrote that they suspected the Romans of Hursit-Pasha and that Hursit-Pasha should take measures for this. At that time, we were closely besieged by the Turks everywhere, and we were not learning anything, it was found reasonable by the Steward of Arta and Gogos and Scarmitzos to send me as a merchant to go to Patras and from there to cross over to eastern Greece to first meet Diakos, to ask him about current affairs and to tell him to be busy in all these places, and to go and talk to Panourgias and other captains so that they and the Peloponnesians would be busy, to pull some Turkey, so that we too could be busy there at that time. In the month of March, 1821, I took some money and crossed over to Patras. The Turks, suspecting that they saw a Roumeliite, were in danger, the Romans began to openly harass me inside the Russian consulate where Vlassopoulos was consul. I was staying at the inn called Tatarakis. There were also people from Giannino, where they were staying, and people from Artena. I went to the consulate, I told them the current events of Roumeli and the evil that Alipassa had suffered. They had come out of the castle against the royalists in the city of Giannina and they killed a large number of Alipassa. All the glory that he had was lost. They did not believe anything I told them, but they wanted him to be victorious to liberate them, this tyrant to bring the Roman Empire and the freedom of the fatherland - and if he came out, he would not leave us even a nostril. When I told them a lot and they did not believe me, I left and went to a large merchant to buy things, to raise all suspicions as much as possible - to sort out the current affairs there, to find out. After I went to his shop, the merchant said to me "Buy what you want and what your soul can bear, buy it." After I bought what I wanted, he took me to go to his house to eat and sleep there. I went, he asked me. He started to give me the signs of the Company, then I started to swear at him and told him that I didn't learn them from the sackalario. Then I told him what I knew from Roumeli and he from the Peloponnese. I asked him if it was too late and if they had any preparations. He told me "The Turks started to get suspicious and it's not been ten days since they asked for a loan and I gave them one hundred and fifty thousand groschen as a loan to put them to sleep. However, he tells me, "the matter does not accept late". I say to him "If that's the case, what preparations do you have?" He told me "We sent some money to Kolokotronis in Zakynthos and he came with about thirty people and he is in Mani. And we have no other preparations". I said to him, “This money, where I see heaps of tallies (and five or six grammarians were writing), don’t you send it anywhere to be used for your speech and for the homeland?” He said to me, “What are you thinking, this Romaigiko will soon become a nation? We will sleep with the Turks and wake up with the Romaigiko.” I said too, “Great people, you know great things. I, a small one, know little, do whatever God has enlightened you.” I fell asleep. At dawn I went to buy what I needed. The zapitis found out where I went and looked for me everywhere. Instead of me, they caught one of Varnakiotis and took him away. He threw him away, saw that it wasn’t him. He said, “Not this one, another one. He is a Jassite brought here and if you catch him I will hang him, let him suffer what he came here for. " Varnakiotis's man said these things at the inn and the Arteni came and told me and I went to the consulate of Russikon and told the reasons and to stay there under guard. The consul could not stand me. He told me, at such times he is also in danger. With the tinfoil I stayed until the evening and I was struggling to get out. They put me in a room and locked me in without anyone checking me. I felt like urinating there was a small hole in the floor and I was helpless. A slave came and cursed me. I told him, I am a man and I could not bear it. The slave asked me where I was from. I told him from Roumeli. He told me, and he is from Vrachori. I called him to tell me if he knew Konstantinos Gerakaris (that he was there in the consulate, when the consul dismissed me), to tell him to come and meet him. The slave told me, “Yesterday Dysseas was here and he left. -Syre, tell Gerakaris, I told him. He went, he told him, and he came. I told him, “Take me tonight to where Dysseas is and a crowd of people will know that I came because of Dysseas.” He told me to tell him first. I told him, "I am sworn to secrecy and I will not tell anyone else." Gerakaris left. He went to bed. They were forcing me to leave the consulate. I drew my pistols, my scimitar, said my prayer, and told the boy, who brought me some raki and drank it, to strike a match and go out with the scimitar, even if I were a citizen. The guards, the consul's Turks and other Turks, were guarding the door outside, because they found out where I was inside and they wanted me to come out and catch me. And I said, "Don't get caught alive and be tortured and find yourself a slave and betray nothing - it's better to be killed." As I was getting ready to leave, a Kefalonian comes and says to me, “Are you where you were in here?” I tell him, “There are many people here, who are you looking for? Who sent you?” He tells me, “Gerakaris.” “It’s me,” I told him. He says, “Let’s go do our job.” I tell him, “There are Turks guarding the door and a tower from the courtyard. I’ll fall down the wall and you go outside and guard where I’ll fall, let’s get away, because I don’t know the alleys.” He went outside. I threw myself off the wall, it was tall, I was half crushed by my chariots. Fear was running through me like an old man. We went down towards the sea. I told him to go from the place of raisins, he heard me that there were Turks in Dogana and they would catch us. I told him to hide in the ditches to call for the boat. That Dysseos was inside - a whip. When I told him to hide, he said to me "What filthy asses you guys are... You're even afraid of your own shadow". I was ashamed, I went with him. He called for the felucca, the Turks see us and are trying to catch us. God willing, it was a felucca. I spoke to them and we jumped in and they sent their schooner after us. The Turks also got angry. They also took their tridents and resisted. Then they took me and I met with Dysseas and I told him everything that was going on and I told him where I was going and to Diakos and others and he told me that he had gone to the countryside and they would attack and he took ammunition to go to Xeromero in Zavitza. And he told me to go together. I told him “I will see the end here and also get my rifle, where it is in the inn. And I will go out and tell you everything I learn and what you told me”. And he left at night. In two days he hit Patras with a rifle. The Turks attacked the castle and the Romans the sea. Then I took about ten children from the ship with their chariots and we went out. People were being carried to Dogana and the sea was filled with women and children, up to their necks. Then I see my friend the merchant carrying his family in one hand and his children in the other and nothing else but the life he had - where he would wake up to find Romaiko. Great people, great mistakes, small ones will make small ones. I took them and took them into the ship and consoled them. I stayed there the next day and went to Missolonghi. I bought white candles, where a ship from Trieste had come, and rums and oil and tobacco to go as a merchant to Arta, so that the Turks would see and not suspect. I loaded the boat, I sailed from - outside - Vasiladi to a port near there, it is called Voukentro. At dawn on the Vagia, at night (since the weather was inclement) we see from afar Patras a lot of fire and regulation and gunfire. The next day Vlassopoulos and other boats with families arrive at the port there. I asked, they told me, Isuf-pasha entered Patras and ravaged it and wiped out the inhabitants. I left there on Good Friday. I went to Preveza, sold the candles and rum and tobacco at a high price. On Good Saturday night, at dawn on Lambri, I went to Arta, met our people, told them the current events. They also brought the heads of the Patras there, to be taken to Hursit-pasha. Then they catch me as a servant of the Sultan, where I was in Morea, they take me to the castle of Arta. They put irons on my feet and other prisoners, so that I would testify to the secret. Seventy-five days of prisoners. It takes twenty-six people to hang us and God spared only me. They were from Voronezh and other places and they hanged them all in the bazaar. In order to get me to testify to them about my life, they turned me over to the pasha after the sentence and he threw me out for my own life and that of my countryman. They took me back to the castle, another way to spoil me, and they put me in a dungeon. And there were a hundred of us There were forty people. And there was rotten bread inside and they were baking the bread because we had no place else. And that filth and the filth created a stench, which is worse than any other on earth. And through the keyhole of the door we would stick our noses in and get air. And they would throw sticks and a lot of sticks at me, and after they went to break me. And from the blows my body was bruised and burned and I was dying. I ordered enough money from an Arvanite to go out to see a doctor and get medicine and money. He gave me a Turk to take me to my house. As we went down the road, I was walking, limping a lot and moaning. The Turk, a godly ox, and he was going to take my soul - he didn't know how deep it was. I went home, lay down to die. The doctor came, I was thinking about the Turk, how to "get away from him. I go out and give him the money and I say to the Turk, "Take it (supposedly secretly). He told me to give it to him so that it's not someone else". I gave him a hundred groschen too. He took it, I said to him, "Take it (supposedly) to the" castle and come as soon as the doctor can give me the medicine, let's go together to "the castle, because I don't go out alone. I'm afraid of the local Turks". He took it. He went out the door, I got ready. I gave him a little break and went to the guest house of a cousin of his, Alipassa, they called him Smailbey-Konitza, may God bless his soul. After he saw me, he felt very sorry for me. I told him what I had tried and if he would keep me, he should not give me back. He said, I have a rifle with the Koniaros, I will not give you. He immediately gave me chariots and took me with his army and we went to Kompoti. The Turkish horde was there, it is three hours from Arta. After we had sat there for several days, this unfortunate man became seriously ill and as my benefactor I took better care of him than my parents. If I wanted to, I would have left there, our own alarga was a piece of cake. But I told my benefactor not to be unfaithful to him and leave him sick. He got up sick and I went with him and we went back to Arta - and to work him as much as I could - to save him and also the wife of my other benefactor, my countryman, where I had eaten his bread for so many years, and the Turks would take her to be Turkified. And for these two benefactors I went back to the city, inside Arta. After we went inside Arta, one day the pashas came to the beg's house and all the seraskeris, the Arvanites, to see him. I told the beg about my countryman's wife, where Hasanpasha would take her. He speaks of the pashas and others, the otzaks of Arvanitia, he tells them "-"Pashas and beys, we will perish. We will perish! their bey" says, that this war is neither with the Muscovite, nor with the English, nor with the French. We have wronged the rajah both in wealth and honor and we have destroyed him and they have blackened his eyes and he has raised a rifle against us. And the Sultan, the donkey, does not know what is happening to him, those who surround him laugh at him. And this is the beginning, where our kingdom will be lost. We are paying heavily to find a traitor and there is no way for anyone to testify to the secret, to learn on his own whether the rajah is fighting us or the Forces. That is why we are paying and impaling and we kill and "we never really learned." After the beg had told them many of these things, he then told them that the Sultan was sending pashas, the most powerful, who had stripped the people naked and taken their wives. “They will go to their own country and we will stay here.” Then he heard about my countryman’s wife, that the pasha was seeking to take her. And then they all said with one voice and went and took her from where he had her and took her to the English consulate to be kept. After I had secured the wife of my other benefactor, one day the unfortunate beg had a bad burn and I went to the doctor. The Turks were trying to catch me because I had fled from the castle, and the pasha learned that I had acted and they were trying to save me because of the wife. They were going to hang me. After I went to the doctor, the Turks threw themselves at me. I was free and I escaped. They chased me to the beg's house. There, our men came out, we were caught by chariots and I was saved. "After the beg came to my senses, I took his euk and told him, "I will leave." He did not let me go. I told him, "I would have left Kompoti if I wanted to, but I did not do it for my honor." After he saw where I would not sit," he gave me his euk and told me to tell the captains outside Peta and elsewhere to have justice in the world, to go forward. That "the Turks have done injustice in this way and will perish. "Let them have justice," let it end, and let us Turks also rest, that our kingdom has now been taken from us by God, that we have fled from "his" justice. I kissed his hand to leave, he gave me money, I said to him, "My Beg, I have it and I do not want it, because you have great expenses for your people." He gave me chariots and ordered me to

General Makrygiannis Memoirs, part 1

Brother readers! Because I have taken on this weakness to burden you with my ignorance (if what I am writing here comes to light and I find out when this idea first occurred to me - since 1829, February 26, in Argos - and I follow the struggles and other events of the homeland) I tell you, if you do not read everything, none of the readers has the right to express an opinion either for or against. That I am illiterate and cannot follow the order of what is written and... then the reader is also enlightened. Entering into this work and continuing to write about the misfortunes inflicted on our homeland and religion, which were caused by our foolishness and our selfishness, both by religious people and by politicians and by our military men, and I too am indignant at these things, that we have greatly harmed our homeland and so many innocent people have perished and are perishing, I note the mistakes of all and reach the present day, where we never sacrifice virtue and patriotism and are in this miserable situation and are in danger of perishing. Writing these causes and the circumstances, where we all brought the ruin of our homeland, then as I also have a share in this homeland and society, I write with great indignation against the causes, not because I have any particular malice against them, but the zeal for my homeland gives me this indignation and I could not write more sweetly. This manuscript, from the occasion where many raids were made on me, I had hidden it. Now that I took it out, I read it all and wrote up to the month of April 1850, and reading it I saw that I do not wake up more sweetly for each individual. So first of all, this, and then in many places I repeat the same things (that I am illiterate and do not get angry and do not follow a tactical order) and thirdly, those that I note in the first ministry of Koletis, where he made so many great mistakes against his homeland and his religion and his fellow citizens, all honest people - and shed so much unjust blood of his fellow citizens and let his unhappy homeland suffer and let it suffer even now in his death from his own students and comrades, where we are governed by his own corrupt Parliaments and other such people, where they did not leave a penny in the treasury, and the whole state was brought into great misery and disorder and a large fleet of dogs have blocked us, where It has been about three months, and they have taken all our ships and have broken up all our trade and have defaced our flag and the people of the islands are dying of hunger and those who have their ships are writhing in the streets and crying with black tears. All these sufferings and many others are the works of Koletis and his company, who left an order for us to be governed with this system and with such companions. And from this we suffer and what we will suffer further, God knows. And these were for his foreign purposes and his selfishness and to fragment the Third of September - where he talks about religion and other salvation of the fatherland - this Constitution - and we have it on paper and instead of benefiting us it is destroying us more and more. All the others, where I write from the beginning, are saints before him and his present company, with-all-where the first mistakes gave birth to these too. For all this I write here. As a man, I can die and either my children, or someone else will copy them, to bring them to light, first of all the people, whom I write with indignation against, to describe the deeds of each one and his name in a good way, not with insults, so that all this may be useful to later generations and they may learn to sacrifice more virtue for their homeland and their religion, to live as people of this homeland and with this religion. Without virtue and pain for their homeland and faith in their religion, nations do not exist. And be careful not to be deceived by selfishness. And if they stumble, then they will go to the gallows, as we have suffered. -We are all rolling towards the gallows every day. When this manuscript is brought to light, honest readers will read it in its entirety, beginning and end, and then they will have the right to make their own judgment, either for or against.

1829 February 26, Argos. I have been appointed by the government of Governor Kapodistrias as General Commander of the Executive Power of the Peloponnese and Sparta. My station is here in Argos. I live and work with the Government and everywhere in the provinces with authorities and officers, and whenever necessary, I travel to all these places for the sake of general peace and I carry out my duties while sitting here most of the time. And so that I wouldn't run to coffee shops and other such places and get used to them - (I knew a little about writing, that I hadn't had a teacher for reasons I'll explain, not having the manners) I would call on one friend and another and they taught me something more here in Argos, where I sit unemployed. Of So, after a month or two of learning these letters that you see, I imagined writing my life, what I did in my youth and what I did in society when I came of age, and what I did for my homeland, where I entered the mystery of the Society for the struggle for our freedom and what I saw and know where they happened in the Struggle, and in what I participated to the best of my ability and did my duty, that which I could. I should not have entered into this work an illiterate, burdening honest readers and great men and wise men of society and putting them at a burden, arousing their curiosity and causing them to lose the precious values in them. But since I, as a human being, have also received this weakness, I ask your forgiveness for the burden that I will give you. If I am an honest man, I want to write the truth, as the writings took place, which I will note. All readers have a duty to first investigate through my conduct, how I behaved in the community and the Struggle, and if I behaved honorably, base it on my writings, if I behaved dishonorably, do not believe anything. And after you learn that I behaved honorably and see noted documents and proofs, beginning and end, from various, from governments and from authorities and from many others, from where I have served with my fellow competitors, where God has made me worthy to have in my direction, my best in the struggle and in services, from where I was ordered. With eighteen men I first set out in the struggle, until God deserved me to have under my direction a thousand and four hundred. The records of my homeland were never defiled, neither in the government, nor in the provinces, nor in individuals, where we fought in Roumeli, Peloponnese and the islands and Sparta, it is nowhere the slightest accusation for us. You will see from the gums the places marked here and there, and everywhere in the state and in the archives of the government these appear. And with as many men as God deserved me and I commanded, various disorders and seizures plagued the homeland, beginning and end, glorified be the all-good name of God, he did not allow us to be defiled. And these graces must be owed by the fatherland to the honorable and good and brave patriots, my fellow fighters, where I had my direction in the struggle, where we also contributed according to our strength to the needs of the fatherland. It is the virtue and patriotism that they showed, of these good patriots, not me. That I did not have this virtue, nor do I have it yet, as in the wars, and now in the service they are my best. They are also now in the service, under my direction, the brave and good officers of Missolonghi with their good and brave leader Mitro Deligiorgis, the garrison commander in the struggle of Missolonghi. There are many brave and honorable islanders and Peloponnesians, good fighters are Roumeliotes. They are the good and patriotic householders and officers of Athens, where we fight in the castle of Athens and elsewhere in the battles of the fatherland. And the virtue of all these good patriots - the goodness of God first - saved us from whatever harms the fatherland. Your lordship, good readers, I call upon you, although you want to know the truth, to investigate all this where you will see, whether it is true or false. I call upon you one thing, all honorable readers, you have no right to make any judgment either for or against, if you do not read it all - and then you are householders to make whatever judgment you want, either for or against. When you have read it all, beginning and end, then make a judgment for those who brought misfortunes to the homeland and civil wars for their individual interests and selfishness and from them the unhappy homeland and the honest fighters suffered and are suffering to this day. I will state the truth nakedly and without passion. But the truth is bitter and those of us who do evil are looked down upon, that we both want evil and self-interest to do it and we want to be called good patriots. And this cannot be done, nor will I hide it and let it remain hidden, that the homeland was damaged, devalued and all this amounts to a curse upon us all. And the causes of evil will be told, and stories and newspapers tell them every day. And they do not mean mine and they should be written by the advanced and not by simple illiterate people and should be licked by the younger and later generations to have more virtue and patriotism. The homeland of each person and religion is everything and he must sacrifice both patriotism and live he and his relatives as honest people in society. And then they are called nations, when they are adorned with patriotic sentiments on the contrary they are called the old scum of the nations and the burden of the earth. And for this reason as the general homeland of each and the work of the struggles of the smallest and weakest citizen, he also has his interests in that homeland, in that religion. Man should not be burdened and neglect these and the advanced So, after a month or two of learning these letters that you see, I imagined writing my life, what I did in my youth and what I did in society when I came of age, and what I did for my homeland, where I entered the mystery of the Society for the struggle for our freedom and what I saw and know where they happened in the Struggle, and in what I participated to the best of my ability and did my duty, that which I could. I should not have entered into this work an illiterate, burdening honest readers and great men and wise men of society and putting them at a burden, arousing their curiosity and causing them to lose the precious values in them. But since I, as a human being, have also received this weakness, I ask your forgiveness for the burden that I will give you. If I am an honest man, I want to write the truth, as the writings took place, which I will note. All readers have a duty to first investigate through my conduct, how I behaved in the community and the Struggle, and if I behaved honorably, base it on my writings, if I behaved dishonorably, do not believe anything. And after you learn that I behaved honorably and see noted documents and proofs, beginning and end, from various, from governments and from authorities and from many others, from where I have served with my fellow competitors, where God has made me worthy to have in my direction, my best in the struggle and in services, from where I was ordered. With eighteen men I first set out in the struggle, until God deserved me to have under my direction a thousand and four hundred. The records of my homeland were never defiled, neither in the government, nor in the provinces, nor in individuals, where we fought in Roumeli, Peloponnese and the islands and Sparta, it is nowhere the slightest accusation for us. You will see from the gums the places marked here and there, and everywhere in the state and in the archives of the government these appear. And with as many men as God deserved me and I commanded, various disorders and seizures plagued the homeland, beginning and end, glorified be the all-good name of God, he did not allow us to be defiled. And these graces must be owed by the fatherland to the honorable and good and brave patriots, my fellow fighters, where I had my direction in the struggle, where we also contributed according to our strength to the needs of the fatherland. It is the virtue and patriotism that they showed, of these good patriots, not me. That I did not have this virtue, nor do I have it yet, as in the wars, and now in the service they are my best. They are also now in the service, under my direction, the brave and good officers of Missolonghi with their good and brave leader Mitro Deligiorgis, the garrison commander in the struggle of Missolonghi. There are many brave and honorable islanders and Peloponnesians, good fighters are Roumeliotes. They are the good and patriotic householders and officers of Athens, where we fight in the castle of Athens and elsewhere in the battles of the fatherland. And the virtue of all these good patriots - the goodness of God first - saved us from whatever harms the fatherland. Your lordship, good readers, I call upon you, although you want to know the truth, to investigate all this where you will see, whether it is true or false. I call upon you one thing, all honorable readers, you have no right to make any judgment either for or against, if you do not read it all - and then you are householders to make whatever judgment you want, either for or against. When you have read it all, beginning and end, then make a judgment for those who brought misfortunes to the homeland and civil wars for their individual interests and selfishness and from them the unhappy homeland and the honest fighters suffered and are suffering to this day. I will state the truth nakedly and without passion. But the truth is bitter and those of us who do evil are looked down upon, that we both want evil and self-interest to do it and we want to be called good patriots. And this cannot be done, nor will I hide it and let it remain hidden, that the homeland was damaged, devalued and all this amounts to a curse upon us all. And the causes of evil will be told, and stories and newspapers tell them every day. And they do not mean mine and they should be written by the advanced and not by simple illiterate people and should be licked by the younger and later generations to have more virtue and patriotism. The homeland of each person and religion is everything and he must sacrifice both patriotism and live he and his relatives as honest people in society. And then they are called nations, when they are adorned with patriotic sentiments on the contrary they are called the old scum of the nations and the burden of the earth. And for this reason as the general homeland of each and the work of the struggles of the smallest and weakest citizen, he also has his interests in that homeland, in that religion. Man should not be burdened and neglect these and the advanced So, after a month or two of learning these letters that you see, I imagined writing my life, what I did in my youth and what I did in society when I came of age, and what I did for my homeland, where I entered the mystery of the Society for the struggle for our freedom and what I saw and know where they happened in the Struggle, and in what I participated to the best of my ability and did my duty, that which I could. I should not have entered into this work an illiterate, burdening honest readers and great men and wise men of society and putting them at a burden, arousing their curiosity and causing them to lose the precious values in them. But since I, as a human being, have also received this weakness, I ask your forgiveness for the burden that I will give you. If I am an honest man, I want to write the truth, as the writings took place, which I will note. All readers have a duty to first investigate through my conduct, how I behaved in the community and the Struggle, and if I behaved honorably, base it on my writings, if I behaved dishonorably, do not believe anything. And after you learn that I behaved honorably and see noted documents and proofs, beginning and end, from various, from governments and from authorities and from many others, from where I have served with my fellow competitors, where God has made me worthy to have in my direction, my best in the struggle and in services, from where I was ordered. With eighteen men I first set out in the struggle, until God deserved me to have under my direction a thousand and four hundred. The records of my homeland were never defiled, neither in the government, nor in the provinces, nor in individuals, where we fought in Roumeli, Peloponnese and the islands and Sparta, it is nowhere the slightest accusation for us. You will see from the gums the places marked here and there, and everywhere in the state and in the archives of the government these appear. And with as many men as God deserved me and I commanded, various disorders and seizures plagued the homeland, beginning and end, glorified be the all-good name of God, he did not allow us to be defiled. And these graces must be owed by the fatherland to the honorable and good and brave patriots, my fellow fighters, where I had my direction in the struggle, where we also contributed according to our strength to the needs of the fatherland. It is the virtue and patriotism that they showed, of these good patriots, not me. That I did not have this virtue, nor do I have it yet, as in the wars, and now in the service they are my best. They are also now in the service, under my direction, the brave and good officers of Missolonghi with their good and brave leader Mitro Deligiorgis, the garrison commander in the struggle of Missolonghi. There are many brave and honorable islanders and Peloponnesians, good fighters are Roumeliotes. They are the good and patriotic householders and officers of Athens, where we fight in the castle of Athens and elsewhere in the battles of the fatherland. And the virtue of all these good patriots - the goodness of God first - saved us from whatever harms the fatherland. Your lordship, good readers, I call upon you, although you want to know the truth, to investigate all this where you will see, whether it is true or false. I call upon you one thing, all honorable readers, you have no right to make any judgment either for or against, if you do not read it all - and then you are householders to make whatever judgment you want, either for or against. When you have read it all, beginning and end, then make a judgment for those who brought misfortunes to the homeland and civil wars for their individual interests and selfishness and from them the unhappy homeland and the honest fighters suffered and are suffering to this day. I will state the truth nakedly and without passion. But the truth is bitter and those of us who do evil are looked down upon, that we both want evil and self-interest to do it and we want to be called good patriots. And this cannot be done, nor will I hide it and let it remain hidden, that the homeland was damaged, devalued and all this amounts to a curse upon us all. And the causes of evil will be told, and stories and newspapers tell them every day. And they do not mean mine and they should be written by the advanced and not by simple illiterate people and should be licked by the younger and later generations to have more virtue and patriotism. The homeland of each person and religion is everything and he must sacrifice both patriotism and live he and his relatives as honest people in society. And then they are called nations, when they are adorned with patriotic sentiments on the contrary they are called the old scum of the nations and the burden of the earth. And for this reason as the general homeland of each and the work of the struggles of the smallest and weakest citizen, he also has his interests in that homeland, in that religion. Man should not be burdened and neglect these and the advanced So, after a month or two of learning these letters that you see, I imagined writing my life, what I did in my youth and what I did in society when I came of age, and what I did for my homeland, where I entered the mystery of the Society for the struggle for our freedom and what I saw and know where they happened in the Struggle, and in what I participated to the best of my ability and did my duty, that which I could. I should not have entered into this work an illiterate, burdening honest readers and great men and wise men of society and putting them at a burden, arousing their curiosity and causing them to lose the precious values in them. But since I, as a human being, have also received this weakness, I ask your forgiveness for the burden that I will give you. If I am an honest man, I want to write the truth, as the writings took place, which I will note. All readers have a duty to first investigate through my conduct, how I behaved in the community and the Struggle, and if I behaved honorably, base it on my writings, if I behaved dishonorably, do not believe anything. And after you learn that I behaved honorably and see noted documents and proofs, beginning and end, from various, from governments and from authorities and from many others, from where I have served with my fellow competitors, where God has made me worthy to have in my direction, my best in the struggle and in services, from where I was ordered. With eighteen men I first set out in the struggle, until God deserved me to have under my direction a thousand and four hundred. The records of my homeland were never defiled, neither in the government, nor in the provinces, nor in individuals, where we fought in Roumeli, Peloponnese and the islands and Sparta, it is nowhere the slightest accusation for us. You will see from the gums the places marked here and there, and everywhere in the state and in the archives of the government these appear. And with as many men as God deserved me and I commanded, various disorders and seizures plagued the homeland, beginning and end, glorified be the all-good name of God, he did not allow us to be defiled. And these graces must be owed by the fatherland to the honorable and good and brave patriots, my fellow fighters, where I had my direction in the struggle, where we also contributed according to our strength to the needs of the fatherland. It is the virtue and patriotism that they showed, of these good patriots, not me. That I did not have this virtue, nor do I have it yet, as in the wars, and now in the service they are my best. They are also now in the service, under my direction, the brave and good officers of Missolonghi with their good and brave leader Mitro Deligiorgis, the garrison commander in the struggle of Missolonghi. There are many brave and honorable islanders and Peloponnesians, good fighters are Roumeliotes. They are the good and patriotic householders and officers of Athens, where we fight in the castle of Athens and elsewhere in the battles of the fatherland. And the virtue of all these good patriots - the goodness of God first - saved us from whatever harms the fatherland. Your lordship, good readers, I call upon you, although you want to know the truth, to investigate all this where you will see, whether it is true or false. I call upon you one thing, all honorable readers, you have no right to make any judgment either for or against, if you do not read it all - and then you are householders to make whatever judgment you want, either for or against. When you have read it all, beginning and end, then make a judgment for those who brought misfortunes to the homeland and civil wars for their individual interests and selfishness and from them the unhappy homeland and the honest fighters suffered and are suffering to this day. I will state the truth nakedly and without passion. But the truth is bitter and those of us who do evil are looked down upon, that we both want evil and self-interest to do it and we want to be called good patriots. And this cannot be done, nor will I hide it and let it remain hidden, that the homeland was damaged, devalued and all this amounts to a curse upon us all. And the causes of evil will be told, and stories and newspapers tell them every day. And they do not mean mine and they should be written by the advanced and not by simple illiterate people and should be licked by the younger and later generations to have more virtue and patriotism. The homeland of each person and religion is everything and he must sacrifice both patriotism and live he and his relatives as honest people in society. And then they are called nations, when they are adorned with patriotic sentiments on the contrary they are called the old scum of the nations and the burden of the earth. And for this reason as the general homeland of each and the work of the struggles of the smallest and weakest citizen, he also has his interests in that homeland, in that religion. Man should not be burdened and neglect these and the advanced So, after a month or two of learning these letters that you see, I imagined writing my life, what I did in my youth and what I did in society when I came of age, and what I did for my homeland, where I entered the mystery of the Society for the struggle for our freedom and what I saw and know where they happened in the Struggle, and in what I participated to the best of my ability and did my duty, that which I could. I should not have entered into this work an illiterate, burdening honest readers and great men and wise men of society and putting them at a burden, arousing their curiosity and causing them to lose the precious values in them. But since I, as a human being, have also received this weakness, I ask your forgiveness for the burden that I will give you. If I am an honest man, I want to write the truth, as the writings took place, which I will note. All readers have a duty to first investigate through my conduct, how I behaved in the community and the Struggle, and if I behaved honorably, base it on my writings, if I behaved dishonorably, do not believe anything. And after you learn that I behaved honorably and see noted documents and proofs, beginning and end, from various, from governments and from authorities and from many others, from where I have served with my fellow competitors, where God has made me worthy to have in my direction, my best in the struggle and in services, from where I was ordered. With eighteen men I first set out in the struggle, until God deserved me to have under my direction a thousand and four hundred. The records of my homeland were never defiled, neither in the government, nor in the provinces, nor in individuals, where we fought in Roumeli, Peloponnese and the islands and Sparta, it is nowhere the slightest accusation for us. You will see from the gums the places marked here and there, and everywhere in the state and in the archives of the government these appear. And with as many men as God deserved me and I commanded, various disorders and seizures plagued the homeland, beginning and end, glorified be the all-good name of God, he did not allow us to be defiled. And these graces must be owed by the fatherland to the honorable and good and brave patriots, my fellow fighters, where I had my direction in the struggle, where we also contributed according to our strength to the needs of the fatherland. It is the virtue and patriotism that they showed, of these good patriots, not me. That I did not have this virtue, nor do I have it yet, as in the wars, and now in the service they are my best. They are also now in the service, under my direction, the brave and good officers of Missolonghi with their good and brave leader Mitro Deligiorgis, the garrison commander in the struggle of Missolonghi. There are many brave and honorable islanders and Peloponnesians, good fighters are Roumeliotes. They are the good and patriotic householders and officers of Athens, where we fight in the castle of Athens and elsewhere in the battles of the fatherland. And the virtue of all these good patriots - the goodness of God first - saved us from whatever harms the fatherland. Your lordship, good readers, I call upon you, although you want to know the truth, to investigate all this where you will see, whether it is true or false. I call upon you one thing, all honorable readers, you have no right to make any judgment either for or against, if you do not read it all - and then you are householders to make whatever judgment you want, either for or against. When you have read it all, beginning and end, then make a judgment for those who brought misfortunes to the homeland and civil wars for their individual interests and selfishness and from them the unhappy homeland and the honest fighters suffered and are suffering to this day. I will state the truth nakedly and without passion. But the truth is bitter and those of us who do evil are looked down upon, that we both want evil and self-interest to do it and we want to be called good patriots. And this cannot be done, nor will I hide it and let it remain hidden, that the homeland was damaged, devalued and all this amounts to a curse upon us all. And the causes of evil will be told, and stories and newspapers tell them every day. And they do not mean mine and they should be written by the advanced and not by simple illiterate people and should be licked by the younger and later generations to have more virtue and patriotism. The homeland of each person and religion is everything and he must sacrifice both patriotism and live he and his relatives as honest people in society. And then they are called nations, when they are adorned with patriotic sentiments on the contrary they are called the old scum of the nations and the burden of the earth. And for this reason as the general homeland of each and the work of the struggles of the smallest and weakest citizen, he also has his interests in that homeland, in that religion. Man should not be burdened and neglect these and the advanced